1 Chemistry: The Study of Change 1 2 Atoms, Molecules, and Ions 38 3 Mass Relationships in Chemical Reactions 75 4 Reactions in Aqueous Solutions 118 5 Gases 172 6 Thermochemistry 230 7 Quantum Theory and the Electronic Structure of Atoms 274 8 Periodic Relationships Among the Elements 326 9 Chemical Bonding I: Basic Concepts 368 10 Chemical Bonding II: Molecular Geometry and Hybridization of Atomic Orbitals 412 11 Intermolecular Forces and Liquids and Solids 465 12 Physical Properties of Solutions 518 13 Chemical Kinetics 562 14 Chemical Equilibrium 621 15 Acids and Bases 666 16 Acid-Base Equilibria and Solubility Equilibria 720 17 Entropy, Free Energy, and Equilibrium 776 18 Electrochemistry 812 19 Nuclear Chemistry 862 20 Chemistry in the Atmosphere 900 21 Metallurgy and the Chemistry of Metals 930 22 Nonmetallic Elements and Their Compounds 956 23 Transition Metals Chemistry and Coordination Compounds 994 24 Organic Chemistry 1025 25 Synthetic and Natural Organic Polymers 1058 Appendix 1 Derivation of the Names of Elements A-1 Appendix 2 Units for the Gas Constant A-7 Appendix 3 Thermodynamic Data at 1 atm and 25¡ÆC A-8 Appendix 4 Mathematical Operations A-13
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